Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics: Enalapril acts as a prodrug of the diacid enalaprilat, its active form, which is poorly absorbed by mouth. Following oral administration about 60% of a dose of Enalapril is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and peak plasma concentrations are achieved within about 1 hour. Enalapril is extensively hydrolysed in the liver to Enalapril; peak plasma concentrations of Enalapril are achieved 3 to 4 hours after an oral dose of Enalapril. Enalapril is 50 to 60% bound to plasma proteins. Following an oral dose, Enalapril is excreted in the urine and in faeces, as enalapril and unchanged drug, with the urinary route predominating; more than 90% of an intravenous dose of enalaprilat is excreted in the urine. The elimination of Enalapril is multiphasic but the effective half-life for accumulation following multiple doses of Enalapril is reported to be about 11 hours in patients with normal renal function. Enalapril is removed by haemodialysis and by peritoneal dialysis.
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